Pesticides are an essential tool for agriculture, however, studies have been shown that only 45% of the sprayed products reach the target-crop, whereas 30% is drifted, 10% is lost due to transport processes (leaching, volatilization and runoff), and 15% reaches the soil. Moreover, only 1% of the applied product reaches the target, in other words, the pathogens, weeds and insects. Even though, risk assessments for environmental contamination due to off-target movement of a pesticide are mandatory and performed prior to […]

Statistical concepts and methods play an important role in the society, and statistical data analysis require considerable human labor and knowledge. From one side, computers and statistical softwares allow almost anyone to run free on statistical methods, but on the other side any researcher, professor, student or professional, even lacking on basic statistical knowledge to test their data, may use these softwares, often producing biased statistical analyses. The objective of this review is to demonstrate how the choice for statistical […]

The weeds have high genetic variability, mainly for this, they are adapted to environments disturbed by humans. Although weed control has evolved positively in recent years, they continue to interfere with agricultural production. The objective of this bibliographic review is to present the contribution of molecular biology in the studies applied to herbology. There area gap in what we learn about weed genomics, which could help us manage and improve the competitiveness of weed crops. Many studies in the field […]

Weed management in organic systems of agricultural production is a major challenge to agricultural farmers. To solve this challenge, it is necessary to explore sustainable management practices and the development of new technologies. It should be emphasized that there are technological or biological alternatives that can be used in weed management in organic systems, and are used in large areas. Cultural, biological, mechanical and physical management strategies can be effective in controlling weeds, as well as reducing the use of […]

The appearance of weed biotypes resistant to herbicides and the increase in social pressure to reduce its use, created the need to develop tools to refine herbicides application and improve weed control. In this way, the development of weed emergence models has become crucial for the development of management strategies in agricultural areas. The objective of this review is to show the factors that influence the emergence flow and the main models used to predict weed emergence, the procedures of […]

Pollination is a key ecosystem service in maintaining biodiversity, which is essential in the reproductive process of higher plants in almost all terrestrial production systems. In order to maintain the vast global biodiversity, including cultivated species, there is a need for diversity of pollinators. However, bees suffer from anthropic actions. These insects have been disappearing from agricultural areas due to the introduction of exotic species, large areas of monoculture, deforestation for agriculture and pasture and, mainly, the fragmentation of habitats […]

The use of pre-sprouted seedlings (MPB) of sugarcane is a technology that provides sanity, vigor and uniformity of planting with a focus on quality and yield, for the formation of nurseries and replanting of commercial areas, as well as in areas of MEIOSI. However, the presence of weeds can affect the yield by competing for water, light, nutrients and space with sugarcane seedlings. The integration of the cultural, mechanical and chemical methods provides control of the weeds, so that they […]

The application of biochar to soils because of beneficial effects is proven by many international researchers and this can increase herbicides sorption and reduce effectiveness on weed management. Positive impacts are reported in relation to the environmental behavior of herbicides, since the increase of the sorption reduces the leaching of these products to groundwater. Negative impacts are reported in relation to agronomic management of herbicides, since the sorption increase reduces the availability of these products in the soil, reducing the […]

Secondary metabolites ensure the survival of plants in adverse situations. Plants change their biochemical constitution from the primary metabolism in response to changes in the environment. The production of secondary metabolites mitigates the effects of stress, allowing the plant development in non-ideal situations. Allelochemical compounds are examples of secondary metabolites produced by plants in situations of interspecific interference. When in competition stress, plants have the ability to release compounds into the environment in order to signal the presence or inhibit […]

The use of production management systems with the implementation of cultures in the straw provides many benefits, including protection against soil erosion, increase in organic carbon content, increasing the microbial population, soil moisture conservation and emergence inhibition of some weeds. Given these changes, the preemergent herbicides used in the systems with straw are intercepted before reaching the ground and when leached from the straw they may present differences in their dynamics in the soil. It is important to consider the […]