Revista Brasileira De Herbicidas 2019; 18(2): 1-11

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Selection of bioindicator species for the herbicide indaziflam

DOI: 10.7824/rbh.v18i2.650

The indaziflam herbicide presents residual activity in the soil and may become a problem for agricultural crops, due to the possibility of carryover in successor crops. Thus, the objective was to select potential bioindicator species for the presence of indaziflam residues in the soil. Two experiments were carried out in a greenhouse using 0.000250 m3, both distributed in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. In the first experiment, eleven species with potential use as bioindicators were used: rice, oats, beet, brachiaria grass, beans, sunflower, corn, cucumber, soybean, tomato and wheat submitted to seven doses of indaziflam (0; 6.25; 12.5; 25; 50; 75 and 100 g a.i. ha-1) in pre-emergence of crops. In the second experiment, five sub-doses (0, 0.3906, 0.7812, 1.5625 and 3.125 g a.i. ha-1) of indaziflam were applied to the species that did not emerge at the lowest dose or concentration of the herbicide in the first experiment. The phytotoxicity and plant height (ALT) were evaluated at 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after emergence (DAE). Dry matter of aerial part (MSPA), root (MSR) and total (MST) was evaluated at 21 DAE. Different levels of tolerance of the species to indaziflam were observed. Increased indaziflam doses caused increased phytotoxicity symptoms and reductions in ALT, MSPA, MSR and MST. Among the evaluated species, in monocotyledons in the order: signal grass, rice, corn, wheat and oats in eudicots: tomato, cucumber, sunflower, beans e soybean present potential for use as a bioindicator in indaziflam studies. The beet was extremely sensitive to the herbicide and did not emerge at any of the doses studied.